Surveillance Emerging Infectious Diseases -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Surveillance Emerging Infectious Diseases? Answer: Introduction International cooperation ages back to the period after the World War II. The concept was introduced by the 1947 Marshall Plan for reconstructing Europe, building the United Nations Organization (UNO) and the institutions of Bretton Woods. Today, the term is more associated with the exchange of long-term financial assets between developing and developed countries. International operations can be defined as the collaboration of world countries at a global level taking a joint initiative for sustainable development. However, it has been the opinion of some that international cooperation can threaten national development or even national security. However, the purpose of the paper is to argue that international cooperation does not threaten national development. This is because international cooperation has a major role to play in the development of national health and education. Discussion International cooperation has enhanced and facilitated the development of national health. Improving the health quotient has been one of the key driving forces within which the concept of international cooperation operates. This is demonstrated in the following. International cooperation has resulted in the formation of certain initiatives like the Millennium Development Goals that comprises eight interrelated targets to eradicate extreme poverty. Three among the eight targets is in the context of promoting better international health quality. The three targets include reducing the rates of death among children, improving maternal health, and fighting Malaria, HIV/AIDS, and other diseases (Figui 2014). The member states belonging to the WHO have identified the necessity of better health conditions and have dedicated themselves in providing access on a global level to the various health services. Many multi-stakeholder institutions like the Global Fund have emerged as a result of inte rnational cooperation to fight diseases like HIV and AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. Furthermore, the GAVI Alliance was introduced as a response to the gradually degrading rates of covering immunization in the developing countries. The GAVI Alliance provides resources that are predictable and sustainable for the developing countries to acquire vaccines as well as works at lowering the global costs of vaccines. In addition, international health cooperation has also enabled the emergence of UNITAID, an international facility that provides medicines for malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS at affordable prices in the developing countries. The South-South and triangular cooperation offers the opportunity to exchange expertise in the developing countries. It is responsible for the promotion of inter-regional and international development in fighting the common challenges in the health sector (Youde 2017). The above mentioned initiatives resulting from international cooperation has reforme d the global health standards. These steps have helped in tackling health problems in the developing countries effectively if not sufficiently at a global level. However, most of these initiatives that are adopted have a traditional approach. It is necessary that the international health cooperation framework employ not just traditional but innovative approaches as well. Furthermore, it is also noted that multilateralism operates in the core of these international health-related initiatives. Hence, given to the above evidence of international cooperation in the health sector it can be said that international cooperation has worked successfully in raising and developing the global healthcare standards. International cooperation has taken an attempt in uniting multiple nations for improving the education quality and standards in the developing nations. For long, countries have helped and collaborated with each other in the educational ventures in the form of a systematic cooperation for promoting national development and reconstruction. This can be analyzed in the following. Nations and global institutions like Germany, France, the United States, the International Development Association, the World Bank Group, and the European Union Institutions began contributing to the development of education in the developing countries. Initiatives like Education for All and emphasis on the need for basic and higher education began to gain popularity worldwide. In fact, statistics claim that the largest portion of the international development aid in the period of 2010-2014 had gone to the promotion of higher education with an average global donation estimate of $4,414 million (UNESCO 2016). The UN General Assembly of September 2015 adopted and expanded their agenda for development that called for seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the year 2030. Among these goals, education and educational quality was given a place of priority that aimed at ensuring unbiased and comprehensive educational quality and at making education and learning a possibility for a life throughout and for all (Ward 2015). The SDGs intend to make affordable and quality education available through international cooperation by the year 2030. They also intend to promote literacy and numeracy in a non-violent environment among all age groups devoid of their gender, physical disabilities, race, caste or religion. They aim at increasing substantially the number of quality teachers through international cooperation in developing countries by the year of 2030 (UNESCO 2016). These steps and goals mentioned above have proved essential to reduce illiteracy and to promote quality education in the dev eloping countries. Furthermore, it is understood that philanthropies all over the world are collaborating to provide opportunities for quality educational developments all over the world, especially in the developing countries. The emphasis placed on the importance of basic and higher education at a global level has enabled nations to work together through international cooperation. However, the process for the attainment of developed educational standards operates at a slow pace. Nevertheless, the global and collaborated initiatives of nations have been successful in achieving the set educational standards to a significant extent. Therefore, from the above-mentioned arguments and evidence, it can be proved that international cooperation has been beneficial in the development of global educational standards and in setting higher parameters for national education in the developing countries. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be stated that international cooperation has been beneficial in promoting development in the sectors of national health and education. It is through international cooperation that initiatives like the Global Fund and UNITAID emerged for the development of global health standards. It is through international cooperation that nations have come together to frame initiatives like Education for All and the SDGs that aim at raising the educational standards. Hence, it is evident that international cooperation does not threaten national development. Instead, it works to ensure and strengthen the possibilities of national development on a wider scale. However, it is recommended that for the future scope of national development through international cooperation to be brighter, nations should collaborate on a larger level to form more initiatives that are philanthropic. References Figui, M 2014, 'Towards a global governance of risks: international health organisations and the surveillance of economics infectious diseases',Journal of Risk Research, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 469-483. UNESCO Institute for Statistics2016,marketing Education Count for Development: Data Collection and Availability in Six PISA for Development Countries, OECD Publishing, Paris. Ward, M 2015, 'Education, learning and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development',OECD Observer, no. 303, p. 11. Youde, J 2017, 'Global Health Governance in International Society',Global Governance, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 583-600.