The Sodor Terminal Project Construction Essay Example For Students

The Sodor Terminal Project Construction Essay The initial stage of the Sodor undertaking involved the formation of the undertaking squad and the nomination of the undertaking director. Group 12 is made up of 4 Nigerians and 1 Vietnamese which reflects a multicultural squad with each nationality possessing curious personality traits. The aim of the first meeting was to put up a Undertaking Manager and to specify and hold on land regulations for undertaking squad meetings. To guarantee equal engagement of all squad members, it was agreed that the rotational undertaking director system will be adopted whereby each person in the group would function as the undertaking director for 1 hebdomad each throughout the 5 hebdomad continuance of the Sodor undertaking. It was agreed that meetings will be scheduled 3 times a hebdomad by the undertaking director enduring no more than 2 hours each. At each meeting, specific undertakings is assigned to each squad member to be submitted at the following meeting twenty-four hours. We will write a custom essay on The Sodor Terminal Project Construction specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now CONTRACTOR SELECTION CRITERIA The contractor choice standards adopted by the squad is the Trade-off technique. This technique uses a marking system to quantify specific properties of the assorted contractors and provides a numerical end product, the highest of which represents the best contractor pick. The usage of this technique provided the best possible contractors to pull off the assorted phases of this undertaking. Outline1 Construction AND CLOSE OUT2 Introduction3 Definition4 Factors THAT AFFECTED TEAM EFFECTIVENESS OF SODOR OIL TERMINAL PROJECT5 Planning AND Design6 Construction AND CLOSEOUT7 Decision Construction AND CLOSE OUT The stopping point out procedure involved a reappraisal of the concluding Sodor terminus undertaking program to corroborate range, cost and agenda deadlines have been met. The lesson learned papers was so prepared which showed the assorted struggles that occurred throughout the undertaking and how they where managed by the squad in order to supply lessons for the hereafter. The concluding undertaking program was so presented to the undertaking patron and the Group 12 squad was deformed by the undertaking director. We were able to get at a concluding undertaking cost of A ; lb ; 7,356,123 and at a clip of completion of 90.93 hebdomads. This can be chiefly attributed to the fact that we used the TRADE OFF technique for contractor choice. The trade off technique provided an nonsubjective manner of choosing contractors utilizing a set of rank tonss. Projected Cost Actual Cost Projected Time of completion ( PTC ) Actual clip of completion ( ATC ) Net income ( 3 % of Actual cost ) Bonus 16000* ( PTC-ATC ) Entire Net income ( Profit +Bonus ) 7,361,000 7,356,123 98 hebdomads 90.93 hebdomads 220,684 113,120 333,804 Introduction Teamwork has been found to be an indispensable ingredient responsible for the success or failure of undertakings. The effectual usage and direction of squads for undertakings has been noted to be a cardinal determiner for how successful a undertaking will be ; nevertheless, the effectivity of a squad depends on the ability of the squad members to interact suitably with one another to bring forth a common end product. Definition Hoegl ( 2004 ) defined squads as a societal interaction between two or more people within an organisation who portion a common undertaking. Teams have besides been described as a group of people who hold themselves reciprocally accountable to each other and who work together to accomplish a common intent ( Scholtes et al,2003 ) . The above definitions take into history the fact that for a squad to be, certain basic ingredients need to be in topographic point which include ; common answerability, stability of intent, and a shared duty for success or failure. The benefits of teamwork in undertaking direction can non be overemphasized. Teams aid in the mobilisation of diverse resources to a undertaking as compared to that achieved by a individual person. Church ( 1998 ) besides noted that squads provide the flexibleness to utilize the mobilized resources therefore assisting to go on with the undertaking in the event of a peculiar person being indisposed. Possibly the greatest value of s quads in pull offing undertakings rests with the ability of squads to supply a synergism of the attempts of the single squad members whereby the consequences achieved is greater than the arithmetic amount of the parts of the single members to the squad. Factors THAT AFFECTED TEAM EFFECTIVENESS OF SODOR OIL TERMINAL PROJECT Planning AND Design The demand to hold a program for the direction of the Sodor oil terminus can non be overemphasized. Grachev et Al ( 2006 ) utilizing 3M corporation as a instance survey proposed that a cardinal benefit of be aftering upfront for a undertaking is the creative activity of good defined undertaking ends. The ends help to give way to a squad undertaking. Other benefits of be aftering include ; it helps the squad members in the coordination of single undertakings by supplying clearly stated assignments. Furthermore, the undertaking program besides enables the squad to hold an overview of the undertaking agenda, costs and restraints which the squad can so utilize as a baseline to mensurate existent undertaking advancement. .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 , .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 .postImageUrl , .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 , .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659:hover , .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659:visited , .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659:active { border:0!important; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659:active , .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659 .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2bfe52cb6f47667e325058c188111659:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Are Art Woks Forgeable EssayThe planning and design of the Sodor oil terminus started with the designation of the Cost, Schedule and Scope ends from the informations derived from the Undertaking Sponsor. These ends where so integrated into a consecutive construction by the usage of the MS Project ® to bring forth the Sodor oil terminus preliminary Gantt chart. The concluding Sodor oil terminus program is a comprehensive papers demoing the existent budget, clip of completion, range of the undertaking, and the sanctioned contractors selected for the undertaking. Christina ( 2009 ) proposed that cardinal factors that affect squad success at the planning and design stage inc lude ; A. Chiseled Goals: The definition of clear undertaking deliverables has been shown to better the success rate of undertaking squads. Pinto and Slevin ( 1988 ) proposed that clearly defined and structured ends is a important factor that determines the effectivity of squads and hence the success rate of undertakings. Zander ( 1980 ) postulated that squads with clear and mensurable ends perform better than squads with fuzzed ends. This is as a consequence of the usage of clear ends by squads as a baseline through which squad consequences can be measured. Furthermore, the usage of clear and concise ends besides helps the squad in be aftering for what they can accomplish within a peculiar timeframe. The ends of the Group 12 squad where clearly stated and good defined at the oncoming of the undertaking which was to present a undertaking program within 98 hebdomads at no more than the declared undertaking budget provided by the undertaking patron. B. Management Support: Pinto and Slevin ( 1988 ) suggested that the support upper direction gives a squad helps in easing squad success. This occurs by easing the release of resources to the undertaking squad therefore guaranting their efficiency and assisting to take administrative bottle cervixs. Group 12 received the support of the undertaking patron in the designing of the sodor program particularly with regard to weekly reappraisal meetings to measure the current position of the undertaking program and proffer ways to convey the program back on path. C. Cross-cultural squads: The importance of holding multiple persons from different civilizations in a squad has been proposed to impact positively on squad consequences ( Earley and Mosakowski,2000 ) . Ochieng and Price ( 2009 ) besides suggested that the effectual usage of proper communicating techniques to manage cultural differences in a squad helps in advancing undertaking success. Multiple civilizations in a squad brings together people with different accomplishments, competences, and personal properties dedicated to a common intent. The multicultural environment of Group 12 provided a pool of diverse thoughts derived via brainstorming from which the best possible solution was agreed on and translated into the Sodor undertaking program. D. Team experience and continuity: Pinto and Slevin ( 1988 ) suggested that the inclusion of persons with specific undertaking experience into a squad helps in advancing its success. This is because this persons already have a cognition of the critical factors needed to guarantee the success of the peculiar undertaking from the lessons learned from past undertakings managed by them. Scott-Young ( 2009 ) suggested that the stableness of a squad throughout the undertaking lifecycle helps in guaranting squad success. Stable squads have been shown to keep the consistence of thoughts coevals and are non susceptible to the distraction that tends to happen from a squad member connection or go forthing the squad ( Akgun and Lynn,2000 ) . The usage of squad members with a broad scope of experience pull offing undertakings like health care, instruction, and technology played a cardinal function in the consequences of Group 12. This is due to the diverse nature of the cognition pool available f or be aftering the undertaking. The stableness of the Group 12 squad throughout the undertaking lifecycle besides played a cardinal function in the design of the sodor undertaking program. .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf , .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf .postImageUrl , .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf , .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf:hover , .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf:visited , .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf:active { border:0!important; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf:active , .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7325c49065283c1f92357769f41d11bf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: College Essay ThesisE. Clear determination doing procedures: The procedure of doing determinations and the ability to do the best determination is cardinal to the success or failure of a undertaking squad. The presence of uncertainness in undertakings and the effects of doing the incorrect determinations are cardinal incentives for following a determination devising procedure at the planning phase of the undertaking. In line with the techniques proposed by Brahm and kleiner ( 1996 ) , two schemes where adopted and utilized by Group 12. The schemes include the Brainstorming technique and the Brainwriting technique. The procedure involved the wild coevals of thoughts and the authorship of those thoughts on a piece of paper from which the group so agrees on the best thought possible. This technique was applied in the procedure of taking the undertaking director and besides in the contractor choice procedure ; It contributed to the overall success of the planning phase of this undertaking. Construction AND CLOSEOUT A. Managing Conflicts: The absence of struggles in a squad has been proposed to be a arrow to the failure of the squad ( Saj-Nicole and Damon,2009 ) . The presence of struggles and how the struggles are managed indicates how successful the undertaking squad will be. Several struggles arose during the direction of Group 12 ; an illustration will be the, Who to take as the undertaking director? The manner it was managed was to hold a face to confront meeting with the undertaking squad, everybody puting their single thoughts on the tabular array, so geting at a determination reciprocally good to everyone which is to hold a rotational undertaking director system with each member of the undertaking squad having a gustatory sensation of the pie of being the undertaking director for 1 hebdomad each. This solution helped during the building stage of the program because all the squad members felt a sense of belonging and doing a positive part to the squad. B. Leadership Continuity: The proposal by Akgun and Lynn ( 2000 ) on the positive benefits of leading continuity to the undertaking squad success is mostly non applicable to the Group 12 undertaking squad. This is because the usage of a individual leader throughout the undertaking lifecycle will hold led to the presence of tyrannizing inclinations being shown by the person chosen which may impact certain determinations made during the preparation of the building program. It may besides hold led to project squad members being made to experience they are non a portion of the squad. Hence in a command to avoid this scenario, the rotational undertaking director system was proposed and adopted. C. Resource handiness: The handiness of resources plays a major function in the ability of a squad to bring forth consequences. Peters and OConnors ( 1980 ) postulated that the handiness of specific resources can either advance or interfere with a squad effectivity. The resources needed by a squad to be effectual varies depending on the undertaking range. It may include fiscal, Human, and Environmental resources. D. Reward and Recognition: The relationship between appropriate wages constructions and squad effectivity can non be overemphasized ( Bullock and Lawler,1984 ) . Developing a wages system that focuses on the full squad instead than persons help in bettering squad motive and hence its effectivity. It is a fact that people are motivated to accomplish consequences if they feel that the consequences provide value to the organisation and this value is acknowledged by the organisation. E. Lessons-learned certification: The readying of the lessons learned papers is an indispensable portion of the undertaking squad closing stage ( PMI,2008 ) . The lessons learned papers captures the lessons learned at assorted mileposts in the planning of the undertaking. The concluding meeting of the Group 12 squad was a brainstorming and brainwriting session to place assorted challenges we had during the creative activity of the Sodor undertaking program and how the challenges where managed. Decision This paper inside informations how the Group 12 squad managed the Sodor undertaking from design to the closeout stage. It explains in item the assorted factors responsible for the success of the squad in geting at the concluding undertaking program ; and besides the assorted challenges Group 12 squad had and how those challenges where managed to bring forth positive consequences. The paper sheds visible radiation on the cardinal factors that affected assorted phases of the undertaking and how they where harnessed and utilized positively by the Group 12 squad.

The Great Gatsby Total Analysis Essays

The Great Gatsby Total Analysis Essays The Great Gatsby Total Analysis Essay The Great Gatsby Total Analysis Essay Perhaps F. Scott Fitzgeralds greatest work, The Great Gatsby is not only a great story, but an insight into the flaws of real life during the Roaring Twenties. His book has been considered by many a symbol for the Jazz Age, a time of extraordinary wealth and promise, but Fitzgeralds novel is much more than that, presenting the truth behind the twenties and creating an atmosphere which has earned a permanent place in American literature. Fitzgeralds novel works on many different levels, giving us unforgettable characters and events on one, as well as referring to the problems of American wealth and spirituality on another. However, what is the main point of the book? And most importantly, what on earth is that mysterious green light? Those questions, as well as many others will be answered in this analysis, which will discuss the underlying meaning and symbolism behind The Great Gatsby. I didnt call to him, for he gave a sudden intimation that he was content to be alone he stretched out his arms towards the dark water in a curious way, and, far as I was from him, I could have sworn he was trembling. Involuntarily I glanced seaward and distinguished nothing except a single green light, minute and far away, that might have been the end of a dock. When I looked once more for Gatsby he had vanished, and I was alone again in the unquiet darkness. (16) So ends the first chapter of The Great Gatsby and brings to our attention the first symbol in this book that mysterious green light. In our first acquaintance with the light, we see Gatsby reaching out for it, almost, in a way, worshipping it. We find out later that this green light is at the end of Daisys dock, and is a symbol for Gatsbys dream and the hope for the future. Green is the color of promise, hope, and renewal so it is fitting that Gatsbys dream of a future with Daisy be represented physically in the novel by this green light. Later, in the final chapter of this novel, Fitzgerald compares Gatsbys green light to the green breast of the new world (115), comparing Gatsbys dream of rediscovering Daisy to the explorers discovery of America and the promise of a new continent. However, Gatsbys dream is tarnished by his material possessions, much like America is now with our obsession with wealth. The means corrupt the end, nd Gatsbys dream dies because of Daisy, Gatsby, and Toms carelessness and superficiality, as does Gatsby for the same reasons. At the end of the first chapter we are given the green light, a symbol for the hope and promise of the future. At the beginning of the second chapter, however, we are introduced to the foul wasteland of the present. Fitzgerald calls it a valley of ashes (16), where only the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg lo ok over it from a billboard nearby. This section of the novel can be interpreted as the foul, material-driven world that the main characters live in, and which helps to destroy Gatsbys dream. The eyes of Dr. Eckleburg symbolize in this chapter advertising and materialism gone mad, one of the central themes of the plot. Later in the book, right before the climax, Daisy tells Gatsby that he reminds her of an advertisement. This statement confirms that Daisy does not like Gatsby for himself, but for the superficial illusion he represents. On a larger scale, it is through advertising that the material aspects of the American Dream are revealed. Hence, it only makes sense that Fitzgerald would use references to advertising throughout the course of his novel. Also in advertising, eternal youth, wealth, and beauty are constantly emphasized, which goes along with Gatsbys youthful dream of Daisy and explains why Fitzgerald never has to develop his characters. Fitzgeralds novel is only one big advertisement, with all the characters involved living with eternal youth, wealth, and beauty that never develop in part because advertisements never develop. Later on in The Great Gatsby, George Wilson, after seeing his wife die in a tragic car accident, gives the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg a whole new meaning. Wilson, a very non-religious man, compares the doctors eyes to those of God, watching over him through the foul dust and desolate wasteland in which the novel is set. This is only one of many religious overtones mentioned or hinted at by Fitzgerald throughout The Great Gatsby. At the end of the first chapter, we see Gatsby reaching out for the green light, almost in the attitude of a worshiper. This is the first suggestion Fitzgerald gives us that Gatsbys quest for Daisy is more than just a physical endeavor, but a spiritual one as well. During the flashback in chapter seven, when Gatsby first met Daisy, his mind is compared to the mind of God, which will never act the same again if he kisses her. A chapter earlier, Nick writes the following concerning why Gatsby changed his name: He was a son of God a phrase which, if it means anything, means just that and he must be about His Fathers business, the service of a vast, vulgar, and meretricious beauty. So he invented just the sort of Jay Gatsby that a seventeen-year-old boy would be likely to invent, and to this conception he was faithful to the end. (63) Gatsby, by changing his name, in a way creates himself anew, making his life more like that of God. In chapter eight, we find two instances of religious imagery. Daisy is compared to the Holy Grail and Gatsbys dream is like a knights quest, showing once again the dreams spiritual nature. Also in this chapter, we see Gatsby, after the car accident, looking over Daisy from her yard, trying to protect her. His watch over her window is compared to a vigil, and while Nick talked to Gatsby that night, he sensed that his presence was ruining the sacredness of the moment. However, Gatsbys vigil was over nothing Daisy was never in her room that night much like Gatsbys dream is over a nonexistent person. The Daisy he met and fell in love with years ago is not the same person anymore, and as much as Gatsby thinks that he can repeat the past, in the real world it is proven to be impossible. On one level, Fitzgerald gives us Gatsbys dream as a spiritual quest, but on another level, we find out that this is yet another reason why his dream fails. His faith is misplaced, because the object of his quest is nothing more than Daisy Buchanan. In turn, Fitzgerald is saying that the spirituality of America is misplaced because of our obsession with material wealth, which creates a sort of national delusion. When the early explorers first came to America, escaping the corruption of their old world in search of the promise of a new world, they traveled from east to west. Now, America itself is corrupted, so the characters in The Great Gatsby travel from west to east in search of wealth and sophistication leaving the moral values and stability of the west behind. It is this eastern part which is called a valley of ashes by Fitzgerald, a place where morals are left out and only superficial, material-driven people can live in peace. Fitzgerald uses this change in direction as a symbol for the deterioration of American ideals and the American Dream, helping to prove that our quest for wealth and sophistication is corrupting our culture, and causing us to live in a wasteland of morals an ash heap of civilization. All these previous symbols the green light, the ash heap, and the east and west have one thing in common: change. Change is apparent in both the action and the underlying meaning and symbols of the novel. From the basic storyline, we find three major instances of change. First, all major characters change where they live, with Tom and Daisy a prime example moving frequently from place to place throughout their life before arriving at East Egg. Also, Gatsby changes his name, which allows him to start his life from scratch and make it more like that of God all in the ultimate goal of attaining Daisy. And finally we have the changing of the seasons, which symbolically correspond to changes in the storyline during The Great Gatsby. On one level, Fitzgerald writes these elements of change in the action of the novel, but on another level, he hints at change symbolically. The green light is a symbol for hope and promise a hope that the ash heap of the present will change to that of a great future, where dreams come true and the American Dream is realized. Overlooking this ash heap of the present are the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg, which change in meaning throughout the novel. In chapter two, they symbolize materialism and advertising gone mad, showing how corrupt the American Dream and American idealism have become. However, later in the novel his eyes are compared to those of God changing their meaning to a more spiritual one symbolizing how American spirituality has been corrupted by our quest for wealth and material possessions. We also see a change in travel in Gatsby from the traditional east-west direction to the opposite movement from west to east which symbolizes the corruption in America today. People now move from stable, moral environments in the west to the lavish, highly superficial wealth of the east an east which is characterized by Fitzgerald as the ash heap of civilization. With all this change in The Great Gatsby, only one character changes throughout the course of the novel: Nick. Gatsby cannot change because his life is based on a dream he set for himself as a youth and Tom and Daisy cannot develop because their life is one big advertisement, living in eternal youth, beauty, and wealth. Nick however, changes a great deal throughout the novel which we see most prominently in two statements he makes. At the end of chapter three, Nick states: Everyone suspects himself of at least one of the cardinal virtues, and this is mine: I am one of the few honest people that I have ever known. (39) He later corrects this statement, during a conversation with Jordan Baker, saying: Im thirty. Im five years too old to lie to myself and call it honour (113). He develops enough in this story to realize that he is not above the rest of the characters, and is capable of lies and superficiality as well. What saves, or sets Nick apart from the rest, however, may have been his realization of his thirtieth birthday. At the climax of the novel, Nick kind of awkwardly throws in the fact (right in the middle of the big argument) that its his thirtieth birthday. However, this is actually a relevant detail for the conversation. The age of thirty is symbolic for the passing of youth or the passing of innocence. Hence, the turning point in Nicks life occurs simultaneously with the turning point in Gatsbys the termination of his youthful dream. Some could even say that Nicks character develops in that statement on that day alone with his passing of youth. It is fitting that Nick be the only character that Fitzgerald develops in The Great Gatsby, because as the narrator, Nick uses symbols of change to correspond to his own character development. All the following symbols in The Great Gatsby, when put together, give us the main theme or point that Fitzgerald is trying to make that American idealism and spirituality have been corrupted by material possessions and wealth. Gatsbys dream fails because of his material wealth he must possess to accomplish it. In this respect, Gatsby fails before he even begins showing the unforgiving nature of a land characterized by Fitzgerald as a wasteland of ashes. This ash heap is the present, the terrible time where The Great Gatsby takes place a time which all hope is lost for he future, and Gatsbys sacred green light becomes nothing more than just a light at the end of Daisys dock. Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgiastic future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded us then, but thats no matter tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther †¦ And one fine morning So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past. (115) Ceaselessly into the past, because the future is far too grim to imagine. Hope is lost, but thats no matter, we will still keep trying and who knows, one day maybe we can accomplish

I need me summary of psychological artilce Essay

I need me summary of psychological artilce - Essay Example It has been estimated that anywhere from 9% to 80% of children with ADHD have significant learning problems.’ This problem of hyperactivity adversely influences the quality of life of the child through poor performance on all academic fronts. Though genetically influenced, yet underachievement is adversely influenced by hyperactivity. The method used for the research included multivariate genetic analysis since univariate is not capable of addressing the etiology regarding the covariance between the two – hyperactivity and academic achievement. Multivariate genetic research exploring the etiology of co-morbidity between diagnoses of ADHD and reading disability (RD) suggests that there is a significant genetic overlap between the two disorders (Light, Pennington, Gilger, & DeFries, 1995; Willcutt, Pennington, & DeFries, 2000). The research also found out that between the two disorders about 64% of the phenotype covariance was attributed to influences which were commonly genetic in nature. Co-relations between the parents and teachers on the agreement for hyperactivity were more or less the same. The results for association between hyperactivity and academic achievement showed that problems of hyperactivity were strongly associated to academic achievement than the regular cognitive behavior. Results also showed that cognitive behavior generally des not substantially contribute to any covariance between hyperactivity and achievement. When comparing among the children, the results in the teacher ratings showed that children who exhibited greater hyperactivity also exhibited lower levels of achievement academically. For the parent ratings the results showed that the co-relation between hyperactivity and academic achievement for lower for the males and females when compared to the teacher groups. It was found that genetic covariance between the two – hyperactivity and achievement was consistent between the narrowly defined phenotype regarding problems of

One page written reflection on the concept of the substitutability of Research Paper - 1

One page written reflection on the concept of the substitutability of natural capital - Research Paper Example In this respect, natural capital plays an important role in the life and existence of every individual around the world. The continued use of natural capital brings into perspective the concepts of sustainability and substitutability (Markandya and Suzette 9). In essence, these concepts are critically intertwined. The substitutability of natural capital has a direct effect on the sustainability of resources in the environment. The idea of substitutability implies finding an alternative use in place of natural capital. Economists and environmentalists agree to disagree that human capital can substitute natural capital. While some hold the view of human capital replacing natural capital, others contend that the two can only work side by side as opposed to outright substitutability. As a result, the concept of substitutability is not only contentious but also diverse. On one hand, the substitutability of natural capital can be said to be weak. From this point of view, human capital could move in to replace natural capital that could otherwise be depleted from the environment. The idea is to minimize the use and exploitation of natural capital while maximizing the use of human capital (Hussen 144). In this view, human-driven activities take over the place of natural capital without generating catastrophic effects on the environment. For example, generating electricity from wind could ensure substitutability of natural capital through producing energy without harming the natural environment. Another key example is the use of solar panels as opposed to mining coal and oil, both of which are extremely hard to replace. On the other hand, it is difficult to achieve a balanced substitutability of natural capital. In many instances, both natural and human capitals work hand in hand. This means that it is difficult to achieve a one hundred

Danger of Cell Phones Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Danger of Cell Phones - Essay Example The quantity of radioactivity energy immersed by an individual reduces with increasing space between the projection and the operator. Rendering to the United States’ Food and Administration (FDA), there is no adequate of scientific proof to link mobile phone through health complications (US Food and Drug Administration par. 4). Mobile phones do release radioactivity, but the intensities are stumpy for instance, those found in microwaves. Nevertheless, the Food and Administration has entreated a more exhaustive research to be carried, as there exist some indecision of lasting use (Adams 4). Mobile phones have developed technologically during the past few years. Cell phones can be utilized to convey text messages, take pictures, play games and access the internet as well. Mobile phones are used to carry out money transactions by sending and receiving money. Each of these stuff; nevertheless, are precarious when it comes to the usage of the mobile phone’s applications as well as driving simultaneously. Mobile phones present many risks since most operators are not conscious of the dangers (Adams 4). Most people text or talk as they are driving, which may be very unsafe. It makes the car driver to become preoccupied and so can result to an accident. Conferring to the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration), 16 percent of above 40,000 fatal accidents are triggered by an abstracted car driver (Pugh par. 3).

Crisis Management Plan Guidelines

Crisis Management Plan Guidelines Frances Roulet Introduction The ability of dealing with unexpected and sudden events that disturbs communities and changes in organization culture is known as crisis management. In recent years we have been able to palpate transboundary crisis, that have affected stakeholders in multiple forms. For example, the 2011 tsunami of Japan, which interrupted supply chain all over the world, especially in the automotive industry (Crandall, Parnell Spillan, 2010). This art of dealing with crisis requires skills and knowledge to organize stakeholders’ recovery. Crisis management prepares the person to develop skills in an unexpected and adverse circumstances within the organization of an emergency response with courage and determination. The coordination of the emergency responses to a broader incident that threatens to harm and destroy structures, ability to operate effectively and efficiently. The continuum evaluation of the planning and automatic incident response becomes a major part of the process in a crisis management plan. Organizational resources available in a crisis in Dominican Republic. According to Crandall, Parnell Spillan (2014) there are countries and cultures that are known as â€Å"crises-prepared†, because they have been able to train and support any crisis planning to overcome their weakness. The Dominican Republic is not the exception, when a crisis arises the community and Dominican Civil Defense are the first to respond to the emergency, as first responders. Nevertheless, not everyone is prepared to assist another person or assume a role of leadership in the process of an emergency crisis. The national emergency and communication system, known as the Center for Emergencies Operation, [COE], in its role of the leading agency nationwide in a crisis, and responding organization has been able to develop competence and abilities to assist potential crises and manage the ones that eventually occur. The Center for Emergencies Operation, [COE], is entitled to develop, review, implement and train personnel, volunteers and the community in reference to the national plan and management for emergencies nationwide. The Dominican Civil Defense, are the first responder to the scene of a natural disaster or crisis. This is one of the emergency groups, at least, most known in the country as trained first responders to any type of emergency. The Dominican Civil Defense began their community services as a group of volunteers to the community by providing communication services as radio amateur by 1963. Their first official support to the community was with Hurricane Flora, where they proved how they were effective in providing communication nationwide under an emergency disaster as a hurricane. The Dominican Red Cross allowed them to station their central communication within their center. By, 1966, the Dominican government enacted the Law 257, which created the Dominican Civil Defense as an official organism to assist emergencies. Therefore, becoming an official state institution under the umbrella of the Center of Emergencies Operation, COE. In September 22, 2002, the government enacted the Law 147-02 by which the risk management, became the official emergency governmental Agency in charge of developing the national emergency and communication plan along with its regulations. As general principles they abide by to protect, coordinate, participate, teach prevention and decentralize services. Their primary goal is to prevent or reduce loss of lives and minimize property damages of civilians and government from natural disasters or manmade disasters. The Dominican Civil Defense, is one the organisms under the umbrella of COE, as well as the Dominican Red Cross, Energy Conservation Department, Fire Department, Police Department, Dominican Port Authority, Health Department, Environment and Natural Resources Department, Dominican Seismological Institute, National Housing Department, among others, have been recognized as an emergency crisis team of technicians and professionals local, national and internationally for its work team on behalf of those in need and the community. In the case of the Dominican Civil Defense, their manpower is composed of 95% of constant trained volunteers, an executive director, an officer corps, and departmental managers who, according to their academic preparation begin working for the community and the benefit of the country. According to Treurniet, Van Buul-Besseling Wolbers (2012) the community may be defined as a group of people living in the same area and having a particular characteristics in common of being a human being. And as such, they will belong to different groups and communities, sharing their understanding of a true active community work, towards each other. By 2014, the Dominican Republic implemented for the first time in its history the services of 911. As one of the new emergency resource services center, its authorities in charge felt the need to educate massively the population about the use and benefits of 911. The communication strategy was massively used (television and radio) during the following two months prior to the activation of the 911 system nationwide. Pearson Mitroff (1993) expressed that there is a need of collaborating with the community, because it provides a sense of being part active within the community. Furthermore, they explained that the community can share their expectations, assessing their needs and goals of those who are needing assistance. In times of crisis, the knowledge of collaborating formally or informally with organizations in reaching one goal of helping out another person becomes a resilient behavior (James Gilliland, 2013). In the Dominican Republic, Center for Emergency and Communication Operations, [COE] would be similar in its function to what FEMA is in the United States. The Dominican Civil Defense is allocated under the umbrella of the COE. This Center would be part integral of the Crisis Management Team, CMT and the Crisis Management Plan, CMP. COE coordinates constant trainings with national and international agencies who are also dealing with emergencies and crisis in order to exchange experiences and train with new techniques. Today, the Dominican Civil Defense has become one of the institutions of the Government that has one of the best communication networks in the country after the Armed Forces. They have a communication system in the UHF band or ultra-high frequency recently installed, and a fleet system is national in scope, in addition to conventional phones. Currently, the Dominican Civil Defense has a radio station, which is the soul of the institution in crisis and emergencies that operate 24 hours a day and the 365 days of the year (Dominican Civil Defense, 2014). Crisis Theories. Theories make several assumptions in order to provide an explanation of a given situation. Several authors, such as James Gilliland (2013) explains that the Eclectic Crisis Intervention Theory entails an intentional and systematic selectively integrated valid concepts and strategies to help the victims from different approaches. This particular theory begins working as a task-oriented theory, instead of using concepts. Several major tasks identified in this theory are: Identify elements in all systems and to integrate them into an internally consistent whole providing a more accurate behavioral data to be explained. Consider all existent theories, methods, and standards for evaluating and manipulating clinical data according to the advanced knowledge of time and place. The need to identify with no specific theory, with an open mind and continuously experiment with those formulations and strategies that produce successful results. This particular theory integrates two pervasive themes. The first of those theme is that people and all crises are unique and distinctive, therefore can apply to anyone and any type of culture. Secondly, all people and all crises are similar. Hence, James Gilliland (2013) understands that these assumptions are seen as mutually exclusive. The eclectic approach, according to James Gilliland (2013) provide an opportunity to a number of approaches and theories, subsequently, it allows the opportunity of being able to assess the victim’s needs in order to apply and plan the appropriate techniques tailored to the person. The therapist, on the other hand, will be taking risks and will have the willingness to switch an approach to another technique even if the first had function. However, the Interpersonal theory in essence explains that people can not sustain a personal state of a crisis for very long, if they really believe in themselves and in others. Having confidence, the person will become self-actualized and overcome the crisis (James Gilliland, 2013). Crandall, Parnell Spillan (2014) explained that the fundamental goal of the crisis management team, CMT is to plan ahead for potential crises and manage those crises that eventually occur. Therefore, it will be looked upon in three aspects, crisis-response organizations and review their relationship between organizations. Ethical and legal challenges. Crandall, Parnell Spillan (2014) provided an understanding of the importance of ethical and legal responsibilities and challenges when dealing with organizations and their cultural barriers. The ethical culture of the organizations most of time is being blemished because of the unethical behavior performed by its employees, and regardless of their written code of ethics. For example, unrealistic goals of organizations, may lead employees to unrealistic decision making. Therefore, employees may feel, that they should incur in unethical behavior to obtain the goal by undermining organizational procedures (Crandall, Parnell Spillan, 2014). On the other hand, ethical standards are not considered to have legal weight only, according to James Gilliland (2013); even though these standards issues are focused more on guiding codes of conducts to the profession. Violation of these codes can and will lead any professional to be censure or may lose their license mandated by the profession’s ethics board. According to Reyes Jacobs (2006) explained that the process helps to ease and overcome multicultural barriers and challenges, such as, language, beliefs, logistics, and sustainability. Furthermore, it may reduce accusations of cultural insensitivity. An example of this may be consider when an organization does not belief in significant religious holidays, and their employees must present themselves to work, against their beliefs and the organization. Organizations must develop standard ethical conduct guidelines, which must implement ethics trainings in order to highlight ethical issues and how they may react to the crisis (Crandall, Parnell Spillan, 2014). Moral principles may have a vast and varied perception, organizations as well as first responders must be set aside their beliefs in order to reach and assist the crisis. Thus, encouraging coping behaviors consistent with the persons beliefs, and customs help ethics minorities understand the management and healing process (Reyes Jacobs, 2006). Throughout the process of crisis management and the first responders, becomes imperative to comprehend what their role is in this process in order to provide the appropriate social support to the organization and its personnel in need. In practice, according to Crandall, Parnell Spillan (2014) there are several suggestions or principles that may better ethical culture codes that can improve drastically the counselor performance when there are multicultural challenges or barriers when managing and responding to crises. One of these suggestions may avoid, when an unethical behavior is discovered. In this case, the organization must respond immediately to correct the situation and discipline the person responsible for the behavior incur against the ethical guidelines codes. Another suggestion to overcome behaviors that violate ethical, legal and multicultural challenges or barriers, is hiring a chief, officer or director of ethics. This person responsibilities as an officer, chief or director which would serve in top management or board of directors, who also will report to the maximum level of the organization whether this is a public or private one. This position will promote the ethical standards of the organization as well as its culture; ensuring the employees behavior along addressing their concerns and needs. In a similar situation, Crandall, Parnell Spillan (2014) suggested that managers, director or presidents should require to have realistic goals. These goals are well conceived, otherwise, unrealistic goals encourages unethical decision and therefore behavior among employees. Along this suggestion, top management or executive directors, may provide a hotline number and/or email in which employees have a person or department within their organization that they can trust and to whom they can report unethical behaviors or ethical violations maintain its confidentiality. This specific suggestion may help employees to report any type of unethical conduct that they or another employee may be facing. Finally, ethical issues arisen within organizations because of weak ethical norms or non-existent codes. The landscape survey of organizations and industries must identify and uncover ethical weaknesses which are feebleness points within the system. As a result, the organizations and industries need to promote ideas within to build an improved ethical atmosphere. Ultimately, the organizations and industries in their learning stages may promote improving the ethical performance throughout the experiences of specific crisis events. Description of a model to train counselors for a crisis. In November, 2014, Dominican Republic, felt for the first time a terrorist bomb attack in the capital city trolley. As it was expected reactions of confusion among the civilians was observed, but, security and police were also confused and terrified. This event could not be happening in this paradise island. There were two victims one female that her burns were moderate and was send home, and the other male victim, was sprayed with some type accelerant and he was severely burned, and did not make it. Police Department took over a day to determine what type of attack was it, until they established without no doubts that it was a terrorist bomb. The Police Department only communicated to the responsible person to give up himself because he was caught in the security camera; or else to abstain himself of what would happened if they go out in his search. Two days after the person responsible for the death of the civilian decided to give himself up and was immediately legally processed an d sentenced. He never gave a really reason of why he did the act. He received a sentence of 30 years in jail, without the possibility of parole. According to White, Mazerolle, Porter Chalk (2014) explained that comprehending the effectiveness of counter-terrorism efforts requires a conceptual framework for its intervention. The Australian National Counter-Terrorism Plan (NCTP) indicated that the framework establishes four categories of interventions: Legislative and Administrative, Prevention and Preparedness, Response and Recovery. All of these four categories use a theoretical different mechanism to have a reaction in pattern of terrorist activity. Today, definitively, the Dominican Republic need to train their first responders and therapist in case of another terrorist attack before the second leaves a worst outcome. Prevention and preparedness is a key in saving more lives, including those who arrive first to respond the attack. The crisis management plan should be evaluate at least twice a year adjusting to the possible changes in the environment and the level of knowledge of those directly involved in assisting the victims and the civilians that also need to be trained as they train anyone in case there is a fire. Who should they called? What should they do? Should they run, remain calm, or hide? Training becomes a major issue in the process of preparedness to survive. Authorities should be able to prepare civilians. Reference American Red Cross (2014). Retrieved on December 24, 2014, from http://www.redcross.org/find-your-local-chapter. Bà ¡ez, A. Valverde-Podestà ¡, A. (2001). Overview of the Dominican Red Cross Emergency and Relief Operations: Following Hurricane Georges. The Internet Journal of Rescue and Disaster Medicine, 3(1). Crandall, W., Parnell, J. A. Spillan, J. E. (2010). Crisis management: Leading in the new strategy landscape. (Second Edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, [CDC]. (2014). Center for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC 24/7 Savings Lives, Protecting People. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/chikungunya/ Dominican Civil Defense. (2014). Retrieved from: http://www.defensacivil.gov.do/ Dominican Red Cross (2014). Retrieved on December 24, 2014, from http://www.caribbeanredcross.org/index.php/national-societies/dominican-republic Emergency Operation Center, (COE). (2014). Retrieved from: http://www.coe.gob.do/index.php?option=com_contentview=sectionlayout=blogid=2Itemid=42 James, R. K. Gilliland, B. E. (2013). Crisis intervention strategies (7th Edition). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cenegage Learning. Kozlowski, C. (2010). Crisis Management. 110(1): 1-2. London, UK. http://www.catlin.com Pearson, C. M. Mitroff, I.I. (1993). From crisis prone to crisis prepared: A framework for crisis management. Academy Manage Perspective, 7(1): 48-59. doi: 10.5465/AME.1993.9409142058 Reyes, G. Jacobs, G. (2006). Handbook of international disaster psychology. Volume 2. Connecticut, USA: Praeger Publishers. Treurniet, W., Van Buul-Besseling, K. Wolbers, J. (2012). Collaboration awareness a necessity in crisis response coordination. Proceedings of the 9th International ISCRAM Conference. Vancouver, Canada. http://www.iscramlive.org/ISCRAM2012/proceedings/248.pdf White, G., Mazerolle, L., Porter, M. D. Chalk, P. (2014). Modelling the effectiveness of counter-terrorism interventions. Australian Institute of Criminology. Trends issues in crime and criminal justice. 475.

Hanna vs Joe contrasting roles in Agelsin America :: essays papers

Hanna vs Joe contrasting roles in Agelsin America In Tony Kushners to part play, Angels in America, readers are introduced to a closeted gay man, Joe Pitt and are exposed to his relationship with his Mormon mother, Hannah. An underlying conflict occurs when Hannah finds out her son is a homosexual; a problem which forces her to question her love and acceptance towards her son and her strong Mormon anti gay sentiments and beliefs. This conflict between mother and son helps Kushner illustrate the complexity of sexuality and the changing views of homosexuality. The conflict between Joe and Hannah initially arises when Joe tells is mom for the first time that he is gay. Joe's mother is Mormon and Joe himself is born and raised Mormon. The religious prohibits homosexuality and this, Hannah is in shock when Joe tells her what is going on. It is even more shocking due to the fact that Joe is presumably happily married to Harper, also a Mormon. During This discussion with his mother, Joe tries to point the finger at his father who Joe claims didn't love him enough and might have "caused" his homosexuality. Hannah can not seem to deal with the situation and delves into extreme denial. She hangs up the phone thinking the conversation came from Joe just being drunk. Hannah's Mormon background embedded in her strict beliefs about traditional love and marriages and the idea that being gay is unnatural and devilish. This background doesn't allow her to accept Joe's sexuality. It is in this upheaval that Hannah moves from Salt Lake City to New York in hopes to save her son and his dying marriage. Her arrival, However only makes the situation worse. She carries out responsibility as a mother-in-law and takes care of the abandonment and valium-dependant Harper and manages at the same time to dive Joe completely out of the picture. By the second part of the play, Hannah is working at a Mormons visitor center in New York and simultaneously taking care of Harper. Joe meanwhile is beginning his first relationship with a man, Louis. Both Joe and Hannah are opening up; Joe living out his homosexual tendencies and Hannah being exposed to absurd circumstances such as the meeting of prior. Prior in many ways becomes Hannah's first real recognition of homosexuality. Prior, who is surviving with A. I. D. S visits the Mormon center, where he falls severely ill and ends up being saved by Hannah.

The Hippies: A Rebellion against the Vietnam War

The Origin and Label By the mid-sixties, the beats, follies, surfers, and psychedelics reached their peaks. This, together with the baby-boomers' coming-of-age, set the perfect basis for the hippie counterculture to start. The Beats contributed a detachment of mainstream society; the Follies gave them a vision of simple, pre-longitudinal, rural life; the Surfers donated zestful hedonism, and a respectful link with nature; the Psychedelics brought mind-expansion, and said that LSI could be used as a escapism from the dreariness of modern life. Grew up against a backdrop of compulsory military service-?at least in the LLC.S. , where the movement had its roots. Culture and Festivals They believed in open use of marijuana, which could also be linked to their ideal of â€Å"back to nature†. Other things that went with this are, letting their hair grow, not bathing, some of them even walked around naked. *use of patchouli oil they dressed In natural fabrics like cotton and linen. *1 967 â€Å"summer of love† Woodstock Festival – the 1 969 Woodstock Free Festival of Music and Arts Is the biggest, one-of-Its-kind festival of all times, with a crowd of about half a million people.There's a movie and two albums trying to recreate the mood of Jim Hendrix, Janis Joplin, The Who, and others performing in the same event. By the end, this festival turned out to be bigger than the music – it became a symbol for everything connected with hippies, the flower children, and the â€Å"love generation. † Also, most hippies developed on the craft of tie-dying. Fashion and Influences Although it was a political and moral movement rejecting Western materialism and the money-grabbing â€Å"rat-race†, the hippies set the tone for most of the fashion In the late ass.They went with the attitude of â€Å"anything goes† , mixing up elements of ethnic and psychedelic Influences. Male dressing was becoming more and more feminine with loose, floun ce, printed pants, neck scarves, and beaded belts. They wore Tolling roe Ana long loose anal – changeling society's Ideas AT masculinity muff can't tell the boys from the girls† was the outraged response to this dressing style. Jim Hendrix was one of the main fashion icons of this culture in the ass, with his exotic, colorful shirts, waistcoats, and wide-brimmed hats.He also wore lots of jewelry, which inspired a lot of designers to start a men's Jewelry collection, which were to be worn over loose shirts and wide-bottomed velvet trousers. In complete contrast to the â€Å"space age† look with geometric patterns and clean lines, the Hippies decorated everything, including painting their body. The past views of psychedelic, ethnic, and romantic all came together, and the hippie-woman would not wear a teasing mint-skirt, but a full-length flow skirt, with love beads and bells.Everyone started to grow their hair long. By 1969, even the well-groomed model Twiggy want ed her hair to her waist. Even the Paris designers got into this new mood with great enthusiasm. The hippies' cheap flamboyant clothes were transformed into expensive designer wear, as the ready-to-wear collections of 1967 was filled with Oriental touches, striped decal bas, harem dresses, tent dresses, rajah coats and Nehru Jacket, in fine wools and silk.Most designers began to follow the hippie ideal of â€Å"doing your own thing†, and Vogue reported that â€Å"the length of your skirt is how you feel this moment. The last collection of the ass were filled with micro skirts, maxis, and the compromised midis. Anti-fashion had triumphed in a round-about and trickle-up way, became the biggest fashion, and nothing would be quite the same ever again! Conclusion The original hippies living in San Francisco would have never imagined that their crazy way of dressing would have become a high-fashion trend by the end of the decade.Theirs was an anti-style that rejected the Western w ork ethic, along with the conformist clothing it encouraged. The Hippies had shocked and intrigued with their communal lifestyle, belief in free love, and experiments with drugs. Some thought they were â€Å"strange beings† in sandals and kaftans, handing out flowers as symbols of love and peace. Others talked of â€Å"alternative society' and their establishment of self-supporting rural communities of like-minded people.

Ammonia Production Social Relevance Report essays

Ammonia Production Social Relevance Report essays Ammonia is a colourless alkaline gas with the formula NH3 and is made up of one part nitrogen and three parts hydrogen. It is lighter than air and has a sharp, stinging odour. Ammonia can be inhaled safely if it is greatly diluted in air, but concentrated ammonia gas can cause suffocation and death. Ammonia does not burn is air, but it burns in oxygen with a weak yellow flame. Properties: - Ammonia gas is extremely soluble in water, as it is able to form hydrogen bonds with polar water molecules. It changes to a liquid at  ¡V33.35 oC. Liquid ammonia boils at the same temperature. It freezes to a clear solid at 77.7 oC. In going from a liquid back to a gas, ammonia absorbs a large amount of heat from its surroundings. Upon evaporation, one gram of ammonia absorbs 327 calories of heat. For this reason, ammonia is widely used in refrigeration equipment. Liquid ammonia is used in the chemical laboratory as a solvent. It is a better solvent for ionic and polar compounds than ethanol, but not as good as water; it is a better solvent for nonpolar covalent compounds that water, but not as good as ethanol. It dissolves alkali metals and barium, calcium and strontium by forming an unstable blue solution containing the metal ion and free electrons that slowly decomposes, releasing hydrogen and forming the metal amide. Compared to water, liquid ammonia is less likely to release protons (H+ ions), but is more likely to take up protons to form NH4+ ions and is a strong reducing agent. Ammonia takes part in many chemical reactions. It reacts with strong acids to form stable ammonium salts, with hydrogen chloride it forms ammonium chloride, with nitric acid to form ammonium nitrate and with sulfuric acid to form ammonium sulfate. Ammonia reacts with certain metal ions to form complex ions called ammines. It also takes part in oxidation and reduction reactions. It burns in oxygen to form n ...

O Captain, My Captain!

O Captain, My Captain! O Captain, My Captain! O Captain, My Captain! By Maeve Maddox Reader Cathy poses this question: Is the proper use of helm at the helm or under the helm? She gives this example of the use of the latter: The tennis team, under the helm of second-year head coach John Doe, advanced to the championship round. What we have here is the decomposition of a dead metaphor. The word helm has more than one meaning in English, but in the context of leadership it derives from a metaphorical use of this definition: helm: the handle or tiller, in large ships the wheel, by which the rudder is managed. The mariner guiding the ship stands at the helm. Metaphorically, anyone in charge of an endeavor is at the helm. The word can also be used as a verb: Early talkies were helmed by producers who had learned their trade with silent films. A new coach takes the helm. If the team he has been hired to lead is under the helm, the players must be lying about on the deck. However†¦ A search of under the helm brought two million Google hits. Clearly a lot of writers are using the expression. To answer the readers question, at the helm is the proper version, but the wide use of under the helm may signal a new incarnation of a dead metaphor. Helm may be taking on the new definition of leadership. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Rhetorical Devices for Rational Writing50 Idioms About Roads and PathsGlimpse and Glance: Same or Different?

Three Arms of Authority Controlling the Public Education Systems Case Study

Three Arms of Authority Controlling the Public Education Systems - Case Study Example NCLB is a foundation project that serves as a federal intervention within the various states in America (Kowalski, 2004, P1, L6). This paper provides insight into the operation structure of the NCLB with a specific case study of individual Superintendents within various public education systems. Â  The case study involved between Dr. Stacy and Billy Pratt yielded various responses with effect to the introduction and implementation of the NCLB act. Dr. Stacy Barstow is instrumental in enforcing instructional improvement and engaging staff development. This is a positive approach as stated in the NCLB act where an education superintendent is significant curriculum personnel. Dr. Stacy also engaged positive approaches by supporting the NCLB objectives through positive remarks during a meeting with school heads. According to the case study, Superintendent Billy Pratt refutes the NCLB act, claiming that the law appeared inconsistent and incompetent (Kowalski, 2004, P3, L9). His arguments draw justification from the provided programs of the special education and other bilingual students. His arguments also criticized ignorance by the federal government on matters of local control. Billy Pratt’s justification may serve as an indicator to demand government careful involvemen t in future acts and educational policies. Â  Superintendent Dr. Stacy’s decision to avoid negative remarks towards the NCLB act shows an unrealistic approach to sensitive educational matters. As such, the move triggered differences among other secondary principals and elementary principals. The decision by Dr. Stacy also signifies an unreliable personality trait that would question individual leadership attributes. Billy Pratt decision to publicly criticize NCLB policies shows disrespect to a given law (Kowalski, 2004, P3, L10).

International Financial Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

International Financial Markets - Essay Example Furthermore some countries have ended up losing their investment status of grade. This incident has placed the international investors in alert. Even before the downgrading of the first country into a grade of non-investment, the stock market was down, and some countries even become close to lose their access to capital market. As a result of this the European politicians directed their blame to the crediting rating agency of making thee debt crisis worse. Since 2011, the agency of rating has to regularly register with the European Security and Markets Authority (ESMA) which is also mandated with the further preparation of the legal action (Moloney, 2011). This regulation shows that the rating of credits have some control on the capital market. Some of the money market issue that was affected by the crisis that is to be discussed in this paper includes the macro-financial risk, intra-euro area financial flow, and collateral availability. In most of the countries in euro the deposits owned by the domestic banks were stable between 2010 and 2011. However the domestic banks in Ireland and Greece heavily fell. Ireland and Greece were not in a position to replace the deposits that were lost with other market borrowing or wholesale and the gap that existed by borrowing from their central banks (Whittaker, 2011). The relocation of the market money into the central bank balance sheet caused an inter-central bank debt that was very high within the system of the euro. Inter-commercial bank lending is a means of transferring money from area which have surplus to areas deficit areas (Friedman & Schwartz, 1970). For example if funds is withdrawn from the Greece bank and placed in the bank of Germany, this withdrawal will leave the Greece bank with deficit of money while the Germany bank will be in surplus of money. In the market condition that is normal, the